Using an analytical and cross-tradition comparative approach, this study examines the scope and dimensions of eschatological developments, focusing on Mahdist reports attributed to the Prophet and preserved in Shi‘i and Sunni sources. It investigates the military, social, and theological dimensions of the tribulations preceding the advent and interprets them not merely as political turmoil, but as a broader crisis in the social and moral order of Muslim society. The study employs qualitative content analysis of hadith reports, focusing on such tribulations as the tribulation of al-Aḥlās, the Sufyani’s emergence, and the role of forces from the East. On this basis, it reconstructs a phased pattern of eschatological developments. The findings indicate that the pre-advent period begins with internal disintegration and intra-Muslim strife driven by worldly ambition, and reaches its climax with the expansion of regional wars, particularly in the Levant (al-Shām) and Iraq. In this process, divine aid originates in the East and among its people, paving the way for the uprising of the Promised Mahdi. The findings further indicate that passing through these foundational tribulations constitutes an important part of the path leading to the advent. Accordingly, active preparedness, spiritual patience and steadfastness, and—above all—practical unity among Muslims in confronting the forces of unbelief and tyranny are essential. Moreover, the shared Shi‘i and Sunni reports concerning these events can provide a basis for mutual understanding and strategic unity within the Muslim ummah in pursuit of the objectives of Mahdism.